JSS 2 Mathematics Second Term Full Web Book

A complete second-term mathematics learning page for JSS 2. Every topic is explained thoroughly with step-by-step examples, quick brain tests, external learning links, and a 30-question CBT quiz with corrections at the end.

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Second Term Scheme of Work

Scheme of Work Overview

The second term of JSS 2 Mathematics continues the development of number skills and introduces algebraic thinking, approximation, binary notation and statistics. The lessons are written in a clear school format that supports classroom teaching and independent revision.

How to use this page: read each topic carefully, study the examples one by one, try the brain tests, and then attempt the full-term CBT quiz.

JSS 2 Mathematics Second Term Scheme of Work
Week	Topic	Core Content
1	Fractions Operations	Multiplication, division, simplification and word problems.
2	Approximation and Estimation	Rounding off numbers, estimating answers and checking reasonableness.
3	Binary Number System	Introduction to base 2, conversion and simple binary operations.
4	Open Sentences and Equations	Unknowns, solving simple equations and checking solutions.
5	Algebraic Expressions	Terms, coefficients, like terms and simplification.
6	Revision and Class Assessment	General revision and practice.
7	Examination	End-of-term assessment.

Topic 1

Fractions Operations

Fractions operations involve multiplying and dividing fractions correctly, then simplifying answers where possible. Students must understand reciprocals, common factors and simplest form.

Multiply

Multiply numerators together and denominators together.

Divide

Keep, change and flip.

Simplify

Reduce the answer to lowest terms.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: 1/2 × 3/4

Step 1: Multiply the numerators: 1 × 3 = 3.

Step 2: Multiply the denominators: 2 × 4 = 8.

Step 3: Answer: 3/8.

Example 2

Question: 2/3 × 6/5

Step 1: Multiply numerators: 2 × 6 = 12.

Step 2: Multiply denominators: 3 × 5 = 15.

Step 3: Simplify 12/15 to 4/5.

Example 3

Question: 3/5 ÷ 2/7

Step 1: Keep the first fraction 3/5.

Step 2: Change division to multiplication and flip 2/7 to 7/2.

Step 3: 3/5 × 7/2 = 21/10 = 2 1/10.

Example 4

Question: 4/7 × 7/9

Step 1: Cancel the 7 in numerator and denominator.

Step 2: Multiply the remaining numbers: 4/9.

Step 3: Answer: 4/9.

Example 5

Question: 5/6 ÷ 5/8

Step 1: Keep 5/6.

Step 2: Change to multiplication and flip 5/8 to 8/5.

Step 3: 5/6 × 8/5 = 8/6 = 4/3 = 1 1/3.

Example 6

Question: 2/9 × 3/4

Step 1: Multiply numerators: 2 × 3 = 6.

Step 2: Multiply denominators: 9 × 4 = 36.

Step 3: Simplify 6/36 to 1/6.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Reciprocal of 3/5?

5/3.

2. 1/3 × 3/4?

1/4.

3. 2/5 ÷ 1/5?

4. 0.5 as fraction?

1/2.

5. A fraction in lowest terms?

Simplest form.

Topic 2

Approximation and Estimation

Approximation means writing a number close to the original value. Estimation helps us find a sensible answer quickly and is useful for checking accuracy in real-life calculations.

Round off

Change to a nearby value using place value rules.

Estimate

Use simple numbers to predict an answer.

Reasonableness

Judge whether an answer makes sense.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: Round 47 to the nearest ten.

Step 1: Look at the units digit 7.

Step 2: 7 is 5 or more, so round up.

Step 3: Answer: 50.

Example 2

Question: Round 263 to the nearest hundred.

Step 1: Look at the tens digit 6.

Step 2: 6 is 5 or more, so round the hundreds up.

Step 3: Answer: 300.

Example 3

Question: Estimate 198 + 302.

Step 1: Round 198 to 200.

Step 2: Round 302 to 300.

Step 3: Add 200 + 300 = 500.

Example 4

Question: Round 7,485 to the nearest thousand.

Step 1: Look at the hundreds digit 4.

Step 2: 4 is less than 5, so keep the thousands digit.

Step 3: Answer: 7,000.

Example 5

Question: Round 15.6 to the nearest whole number.

Step 1: Look at the decimal part 0.6.

Step 2: 0.6 is 0.5 or more, so round up.

Step 3: Answer: 16.

Example 6

Question: Estimate 98 × 4.

Step 1: Round 98 to 100.

Step 2: Multiply 100 × 4.

Step 3: Answer: 400.

Quick Brain Tests

1. 149 rounded to nearest hundred?

100.

2. 15.2 rounded to nearest whole number?

15.

3. 399 rounded to nearest thousand?

0 or 1,000 depending on rounding style; nearer to 0.

4. 49 × 2 estimated as?

100.

5. Main use of approximation?

Quick checking.

Topic 3

Binary Number System

The binary number system uses only 0 and 1. It is the base-2 number system and is very important in computers and digital electronics.

Base 2

Digits used are 0 and 1 only.

Place values

1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and so on.

Use

Computers use binary because they work with on/off states.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: Convert 5 to binary.

Step 1: 5 = 4 + 1.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 4s place, 0 in the 2s place, 1 in the 1s place.

Step 3: Answer: 101.

Example 2

Question: Convert 6 to binary.

Step 1: 6 = 4 + 2.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 4s and 2s places, 0 in the 1s place.

Step 3: Answer: 110.

Example 3

Question: Convert 8 to binary.

Step 1: 8 is a power of 2.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 8s place and 0s in the others.

Step 3: Answer: 1000.

Example 4

Question: Convert 10 to binary.

Step 1: 10 = 8 + 2.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 8s place, 0 in the 4s place, 1 in the 2s place, 0 in the 1s place.

Step 3: Answer: 1010.

Example 5

Question: Convert 12 to binary.

Step 1: 12 = 8 + 4.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 8s and 4s places, 0 in the 2s and 1s places.

Step 3: Answer: 1100.

Example 6

Question: Convert 13 to binary.

Step 1: 13 = 8 + 4 + 1.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 8s, 4s and 1s places, 0 in the 2s place.

Step 3: Answer: 1101.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Digits used in binary?

0 and 1.

2. Binary of 7?

111.

3. Base 10 has how many digits?

10 digits.

4. Binary of 4?

100.

5. Binary system is also called?

Base 2.

Topic 4

Open Sentences and Equations

Open sentences contain unknown values represented by letters. Equations are solved by using inverse operations until the unknown is isolated and the statement becomes true.

Unknowns

Letters like x, y, n and a represent unknown values.

Inverse operations

Use the opposite operation to balance the equation.

Check

Substitute your answer into the equation.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: x + 5 = 12

Step 1: Subtract 5 from both sides.

Step 2: x = 12 - 5.

Step 3: x = 7.

Example 2

Question: y - 4 = 9

Step 1: Add 4 to both sides.

Step 2: y = 9 + 4.

Step 3: y = 13.

Example 3

Question: 3n = 21

Step 1: Divide both sides by 3.

Step 2: n = 21 ÷ 3.

Step 3: n = 7.

Example 4

Question: a / 5 = 6

Step 1: Multiply both sides by 5.

Step 2: a = 6 × 5.

Step 3: a = 30.

Example 5

Question: 2x = 18

Step 1: Divide both sides by 2.

Step 2: x = 18 ÷ 2.

Step 3: x = 9.

Example 6

Question: m + 8 = 20

Step 1: Subtract 8 from both sides.

Step 2: m = 20 - 8.

Step 3: m = 12.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Solve x + 3 = 10

x = 7.

2. Solve 5p = 35

p = 7.

3. Solve y - 6 = 2

y = 8.

4. Solve 4a = 28

a = 7.

5. Solve n / 4 = 5

n = 20.

Topic 5

Algebraic Expressions

Algebraic expressions are combinations of numbers, letters and operations without an equal sign. They help students express patterns, simplify terms and prepare for higher algebra.

Like terms

Terms with the same variables and powers.

Coefficient

The number attached to a variable.

Expression

A math statement without an equal sign.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: 3x + 2x

Step 1: Notice both terms contain x.

Step 2: Add the coefficients: 3 + 2 = 5.

Step 3: Answer: 5x.

Example 2

Question: 4a + 3b + 2a

Step 1: Group like terms 4a and 2a.

Step 2: Combine them to get 6a.

Step 3: Answer: 6a + 3b.

Example 3

Question: 2y + 7y - 5y

Step 1: All terms contain y.

Step 2: Combine coefficients: 2 + 7 - 5 = 4.

Step 3: Answer: 4y.

Example 4

Question: 5m + 2m + m

Step 1: Write m as 1m.

Step 2: Add 5 + 2 + 1 = 8.

Step 3: Answer: 8m.

Example 5

Question: 2(x + 5)

Step 1: Multiply 2 by x.

Step 2: Multiply 2 by 5.

Step 3: Answer: 2x + 10.

Example 6

Question: 3(t - 4)

Step 1: Multiply 3 by t.

Step 2: Multiply 3 by -4.

Step 3: Answer: 3t - 12.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Like term of 3x?

5x.

2. 2a + 3a?

5a.

3. 4y - y?

3y.

4. Expand 2(x + 1)?

2x + 2.

5. Expand 5(a - 2)?

5a - 10.

External Resources

CBT Practice Test

30 questions | Timed quiz | Corrections appear after submission.

20:00

Send Score by Email

Question 0 of 30

Quiz Result

The email button opens a draft to edwinogielibrary@gmail.com so the score can be sent quickly after submission.

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