JSS 2 Mathematics First Term Full Web Book

A complete first-term mathematics learning page for JSS 2. Every topic is explained thoroughly with step-by-step examples, quick brain tests, external learning links, and a 30-question CBT quiz with corrections at the end.

Home / Library Collections / JSS 2 Mathematics / First Term

First Term Scheme of Work

Scheme of Work Overview

This web book is arranged to help students move from number sense into algebra, fractions, approximation, and number bases. The lessons are written in a clear school format that supports classroom teaching and independent revision.

How to use this page: read each topic carefully, study the examples one by one, try the brain tests, and then attempt the full-term CBT quiz.

JSS 2 Mathematics First Term Scheme of Work
Week	Topic	Core Content
1	Whole Numbers in Standard Form	Place value, expanded form, standard form, large numbers and small numbers.
2	Fractions and Decimal Operations	Multiplication, division, simplification, conversion between fractions and decimals.
3	Approximation and Estimation	Rounding off, estimating answers, checking reasonableness.
4	Number Bases	Base 2, base 5, base 10, conversion of numbers and simple operations.
5	Indices and Powers	Meaning of indices, laws of indices, expansion and evaluation.
6	Introduction to Statistics	Data collection, presentation, mean, median, mode.
7	Revision and Exercises	General revision and practice.
8	First Term Examination	Assessment and correction.

Topic 1

Whole Numbers in Standard Form

Whole numbers are the counting numbers starting from zero. Standard form is a concise way of writing very large or very small numbers using powers of ten. It helps students work quickly and clearly in mathematics and science.

Place value

Each digit’s position gives it a value.

Expanded form

Write the number as a sum of place values.

Standard form

Write as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: Write 5,000 in standard form.

Step 1: Place the decimal after the first non-zero digit: 5.000.

Step 2: Count how many places the decimal moved: 3 places.

Step 3: Write the answer: 5 × 10³.

Example 2

Question: Write 46,000 in standard form.

Step 1: Move the decimal to make 4.6.

Step 2: The decimal moved 4 places.

Step 3: 46,000 = 4.6 × 10⁴.

Example 3

Question: Write 320,000 in standard form.

Step 1: Make the leading number 3.2.

Step 2: Count 5 decimal places moved.

Step 3: 320,000 = 3.2 × 10⁵.

Example 4

Question: Expand 6.2 × 10⁴.

Step 1: 10⁴ means 10,000.

Step 2: Multiply 6.2 by 10,000.

Step 3: The ordinary number is 62,000.

Example 5

Question: Convert 0.00052 to standard form.

Step 1: Make the first number 5.2.

Step 2: Move the decimal 4 places to the right.

Step 3: 0.00052 = 5.2 × 10⁻⁴.

Example 6

Question: Write 8,400 in standard form.

Step 1: Form the leading number 8.4.

Step 2: Count 3 places moved.

Step 3: 8,400 = 8.4 × 10³.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Standard form of 1,000?

1 × 10³.

2. Standard form uses which base?

Base 10.

3. How many places in 4.5 × 10³?

3 places.

4. Ordinary form of 3 × 10²?

300.

5. What is 9.1 × 10³?

9,100.

Topic 2

Fractions and Decimal Operations

This topic covers multiplying, dividing and simplifying fractions, then converting between fractions and decimals. Students must understand reciprocal fractions and place value in decimals.

Multiply fractions

Multiply numerators and denominators separately.

Divide fractions

Keep, change and flip.

Decimals

Understand tenths, hundredths and thousandths.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: 1/2 × 3/4

Step 1: Multiply the numerators: 1 × 3 = 3.

Step 2: Multiply the denominators: 2 × 4 = 8.

Step 3: Answer: 3/8.

Example 2

Question: 2/3 × 6/5

Step 1: Multiply numerators: 2 × 6 = 12.

Step 2: Multiply denominators: 3 × 5 = 15.

Step 3: Simplify 12/15 to 4/5.

Example 3

Question: 3/5 ÷ 2/7

Step 1: Keep the first fraction 3/5.

Step 2: Change division to multiplication and flip 2/7 to 7/2.

Step 3: 3/5 × 7/2 = 21/10 = 2 1/10.

Example 4

Question: Convert 3/4 to decimal.

Step 1: Divide 3 by 4.

Step 2: 3 ÷ 4 = 0.75.

Step 3: Answer: 0.75.

Example 5

Question: Convert 0.6 to a fraction.

Step 1: 0.6 means 6 tenths.

Step 2: Write it as 6/10.

Step 3: Simplify to 3/5.

Example 6

Question: 1/4 + 2/4

Step 1: The denominators are the same.

Step 2: Add the numerators: 1 + 2 = 3.

Step 3: Answer: 3/4.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Reciprocal of 2/5?

5/2.

2. 1/2 as decimal?

0.5.

3. 0.25 as fraction?

1/4.

4. 2/3 × 3/5?

2/5.

5. 0.8 as fraction?

4/5.

Topic 3

Approximation and Estimation

Approximation is writing a number close to the original number. Estimation is finding a quick answer. These skills help students check whether an answer is reasonable and save time in calculations.

Round off

Use place value rules to round numbers.

Estimate

Use easy numbers to predict an answer.

Check

See if the final answer makes sense.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: Round 47 to the nearest ten.

Step 1: Look at the units digit 7.

Step 2: 7 is 5 or more, so round up.

Step 3: Answer: 50.

Example 2

Question: Round 263 to the nearest hundred.

Step 1: Look at the tens digit 6.

Step 2: 6 is 5 or more, so round the hundreds up.

Step 3: Answer: 300.

Example 3

Question: Estimate 198 + 302.

Step 1: Round 198 to 200.

Step 2: Round 302 to 300.

Step 3: Add 200 + 300 = 500.

Example 4

Question: Round 7,485 to the nearest thousand.

Step 1: Look at the hundreds digit 4.

Step 2: 4 is less than 5, so keep the thousands digit the same.

Step 3: Answer: 7,000.

Example 5

Question: Round 15.6 to the nearest whole number.

Step 1: Look at the decimal part 0.6.

Step 2: 0.6 is 0.5 or more, so round up.

Step 3: Answer: 16.

Example 6

Question: Estimate 98 × 4.

Step 1: Round 98 to 100.

Step 2: Multiply 100 × 4.

Step 3: Answer: 400.

Quick Brain Tests

1. 149 rounded to nearest hundred?

100.

2. 15.2 rounded to nearest whole number?

15.

3. 399 rounded to nearest thousand?

0 or 400? Actually to nearest thousand: 0.

4. 49 × 2 estimated as?

100.

5. Main use of approximation?

Quick checking.

Topic 4

Number Bases

Number bases show how many different digits are used in a counting system. Base 10 uses 0 to 9, while binary base 2 uses 0 and 1. Understanding bases helps students appreciate computing and digital systems.

Base 10

Daily counting system using ten digits.

Base 2

Binary system using two digits only.

Conversion

Move between bases using place values or division.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: Convert 5 to binary.

Step 1: 5 = 4 + 1.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 4s place, 0 in the 2s place, 1 in the 1s place.

Step 3: Answer: 101.

Example 2

Question: Convert 6 to binary.

Step 1: 6 = 4 + 2.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 4s and 2s places, 0 in the 1s place.

Step 3: Answer: 110.

Example 3

Question: Convert 8 to binary.

Step 1: 8 is a power of 2.

Step 2: Write 1 in the 8s place and 0s in the remaining places.

Step 3: Answer: 1000.

Example 4

Question: Convert 10 to binary.

Step 1: 10 = 8 + 2.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 8s place, 0 in the 4s place, 1 in the 2s place, 0 in the 1s place.

Step 3: Answer: 1010.

Example 5

Question: Convert 12 to binary.

Step 1: 12 = 8 + 4.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 8s and 4s places.

Step 3: Answer: 1100.

Example 6

Question: Convert 13 to binary.

Step 1: 13 = 8 + 4 + 1.

Step 2: Put 1 in the 8s, 4s and 1s places, 0 in the 2s place.

Step 3: Answer: 1101.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Digits used in binary?

0 and 1.

2. Binary of 7?

111.

3. Base 10 has how many digits?

10 digits.

4. Binary of 4?

100.

5. Binary system is also called?

Base 2.

Topic 5

Indices and Powers

Indices are a short way of writing repeated multiplication. Powers help us express large numbers in a compact form. Students should understand base, exponent and how to apply simple laws of indices.

Base

The repeated number.

Exponent

The number of times the base is used.

Use

Shortens repeated multiplication.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: Write 2 × 2 × 2 using indices.

Step 1: Count the repeated factor 2.

Step 2: It appears 3 times.

Step 3: Answer: 2³.

Example 2

Question: Evaluate 3².

Step 1: 3² means 3 × 3.

Step 2: Multiply the numbers.

Step 3: Answer: 9.

Example 3

Question: Evaluate 4³.

Step 1: 4³ means 4 × 4 × 4.

Step 2: Multiply step by step.

Step 3: Answer: 64.

Example 4

Question: Write 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 using indices.

Step 1: Count how many 5s appear.

Step 2: There are 4 of them.

Step 3: Answer: 5⁴.

Example 5

Question: Evaluate 2⁴.

Step 1: 2⁴ means 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.

Step 2: Multiply to get 16.

Step 3: Answer: 16.

Example 6

Question: Evaluate 10².

Step 1: 10² means 10 × 10.

Step 2: Multiply.

Step 3: Answer: 100.

Quick Brain Tests

1. 2³?

2. 3²?

3. 5²?

25.

4. 4²?

16.

5. 10³?

1000.

Topic 6

Introduction to Statistics

Statistics is the study of collecting, arranging, presenting and interpreting data. It helps us understand information in school, business, sports, health and everyday life.

Collect

Use observation, survey, interview and questionnaire.

Present

Use tables, bar charts and graphs.

Summarize

Use mean, median and mode.

Worked examples

Example 1

Question: Why do we study statistics?

Step 1: To understand and summarize data.

Step 2: It helps in decision making.

Step 3: Answer: to collect and interpret data.

Example 2

Question: State one method of data collection.

Step 1: Think of survey methods.

Step 2: Questionnaire is one method.

Step 3: Answer: questionnaire.

Example 3

Question: Find the mode of 2, 3, 3, 4, 5.

Step 1: Count how many times each number appears.

Step 2: 3 appears most often.

Step 3: Answer: 3.

Example 4

Question: Find the median of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10.

Step 1: Arrange in order.

Step 2: Identify the middle value.

Step 3: Answer: 6.

Example 5

Question: Find the mean of 2, 4, 6.

Step 1: Add the values: 2 + 4 + 6 = 12.

Step 2: Divide by the number of values: 3.

Step 3: Answer: 4.

Example 6

Question: Present data in a table.

Step 1: Draw rows and columns.

Step 2: Label each part clearly.

Step 3: Use the table to compare values.

Quick Brain Tests

1. Most frequent value?

Mode.

2. Middle value?

Median.

3. Average value?

Mean.

4. A data collection tool?

Questionnaire.

5. Visual display of data?

Chart or graph.

External Resources

CBT Practice Test

30 questions | Timed quiz | Corrections appear after submission.

20:00

Send Score by Email

Question 0 of 30

Quiz Result

The email button opens a draft to edwinogielibrary@gmail.com so the score can be sent quickly after submission.

Featured post