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Simple Machines

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Simple Machines — Interactive Lesson & 50-question JAMB Quiz — Edwin Ogie Library

Simple Machines — Interactive Lesson & JAMB-style Quiz

Learn mechanical advantage (MA), velocity ratio (VR), and efficiency — with worked examples and a 50-question timed JAMB-style quiz (15 minutes). Hidden solutions are revealed after submission.

By Edwin Ogie Library — quiz results can be emailed to edwinogielibrary@gmail.com.

What are Simple Machines?

Simple machines are basic devices that change the size or direction of a force to make tasks easier. The six classical simple machines are:

  • Lever
  • Wheel and axle
  • Pulley
  • Inclined plane
  • Wedge
  • Screw

Compound machines combine two or more simple machines (e.g., a wheelbarrow uses lever + wheel & axle).

Key formulas & definitions

Mechanical advantage (MA) — how many times a machine multiplies force:
MA = Load / Effort

Velocity ratio (VR) — ideal geometric advantage based on distances moved:
VR = Distance moved by effort / Distance moved by load

Efficiency (η) — how close a real machine comes to the ideal:
Efficiency (%) = (MA / VR) × 100

If MA = VR (no friction), efficiency = 100%. In real machines MA ≤ VR due to friction and losses.

Worked examples (step-by-step)

Example 1 — Lever
Effort arm = 2 m; load arm = 0.5 m. MA = 2 ÷ 0.5 = 4. If effort = 20 N, ideal load = 4 × 20 = 80 N.
Example 2 — Inclined plane
Ramp length = 4 m; height = 1 m. VR = 4 ÷ 1 = 4. If load = 200 N, ideal effort = 200 ÷ 4 = 50 N.
Example 3 — Screw
Pitch = 0.005 m; handle circumference ≈ 0.314 m. VR ≈ 0.314 ÷ 0.005 = 62.8. If effort = 100 N and load lifted = 1570 N, MA = 1570 ÷ 100 = 15.7; efficiency ≈ (15.7 / 62.8) × 100 ≈ 25%.

Practical notes

  • MA shows force multiplication; VR shows distance trade-off (effort moves farther than load).
  • Efficiency measures real performance; less than 100% unless frictionless.
  • Common classroom activity: measure VR of a pulley setup by marking rope movement.

Suggested videos & further study (links — open in new tab)

Embedded videos are unavailable on this page. Use the links below to watch classroom-friendly videos hosted on reputable educational channels.
Khan Academy — Simple machines (search) TED-Ed — Simple machines (search) Practical demos — Google search

Quiz instructions

  • 50 multiple-choice questions (A–D). Each correct answer = 1 mark. No negative marking.
  • Total time: 15 minutes (900 seconds). Timer starts after a 5-second countdown following the Start button.
  • Distances in metres (m), forces in newtons (N). Use simple arithmetic and given values.
  • After submission you will see your total score and corrections for wrong answers. You can then email your result to edwinogielibrary@gmail.com via the provided button.

50 JAMB-style Questions — Simple Machines

Sources & classroom resources

Standard physics & technology classroom materials, Khan Academy, TED-Ed and practical lab manuals on simple machines. If you want a printable worksheet, I can generate a PDF version of the 50-question quiz and answer key.

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