Concept of Motion

 Concept of Motion

Definition of Motion

Motion is the change in position of an object with respect to time. An object is said to be in motion if it changes its position relative to a reference point.

Types of Motion

Motion can be classified into different types based on the nature of movement. The major types of motion include:

1. Random Motion

Random motion occurs when an object moves in an unpredictable manner without a definite pattern. This type of motion is irregular and has no fixed direction.

• Examples:
  • The movement of dust particles in the air.
  • The motion of molecules in a gas or liquid (Brownian motion).
  • The movement of flies or bees.

2. Translational Motion

Translational motion occurs when all parts of an object move in the same direction and cover the same distance over a given time.

• Types of Translational Motion:
  • Rectilinear Motion: Motion along a straight line.
  • Curvilinear Motion: Motion along a curved path.
• Examples:
  • A moving car on a straight road (rectilinear motion).
  • The motion of a thrown javelin (curvilinear motion).
  • A train moving along railway tracks.

3. Rotational Motion

Rotational motion occurs when an object moves around a fixed axis without changing its position.

• Examples:
  • The spinning of a fan blade.
  • The rotation of the Earth around its axis.
  • A wheel turning on its axle.

4. Oscillatory Motion

Oscillatory motion occurs when an object moves back and forth around a fixed point in a regular manner.

• Examples:
  • A swinging pendulum.
  • The vibration of a guitar string.
  • The movement of a seesaw.

15 JAMB Exam Practice Questions

1. Which of the following is an example of random motion? A) A car moving on a straight road
   B) The motion of smoke particles in the air
   C) A rotating fan blade
   D) The swinging of a pendulum

2. What type of motion does a ceiling fan exhibit? A) Random motion
   B) Translational motion
   C) Rotational motion
   D) Oscillatory motion

3. The motion of an object along a straight path is called? A) Random motion
   B) Translational motion
   C) Rotational motion
   D) Oscillatory motion

4. The movement of a child on a swing is an example of? A) Rotational motion
   B) Random motion
   C) Oscillatory motion
   D) Translational motion

5. Which of the following is NOT a type of motion? A) Random motion
   B) Translational motion
   C) Stationary motion
   D) Rotational motion

6. Which of these objects exhibits curvilinear motion? A) A rotating wheel
   B) A thrown basketball
   C) A moving train
   D) A falling stone

7. What type of motion does the Earth perform around the Sun? A) Oscillatory motion
   B) Random motion
   C) Translational motion
   D) Rotational motion

8. Brownian motion is associated with which type of motion? A) Translational motion
   B) Rotational motion
   C) Random motion
   D) Oscillatory motion

9. The movement of an electric fan blade is an example of? A) Oscillatory motion
   B) Random motion
   C) Translational motion
   D) Rotational motion

10. A car moving on a circular track exhibits? A) Rotational motion
    B) Oscillatory motion
    C) Curvilinear motion
    D) Rectilinear motion

11. Which of the following is an example of oscillatory motion? A) The motion of a football
    B) The swinging of a clock pendulum
    C) The rolling of a ball
    D) The motion of a moving car

12. What type of motion is exhibited by a Ferris wheel? A) Oscillatory motion
    B) Translational motion
    C) Rotational motion
    D) Random motion

13. The movement of fish in water is an example of? A) Random motion
    B) Rotational motion
    C) Translational motion
    D) Oscillatory motion

14. An object moving back and forth about a fixed point undergoes? A) Random motion
    B) Rotational motion
    C) Translational motion
    D) Oscillatory motion

15. The type of motion observed in a spinning top is? A) Random motion
    B) Rotational motion
    C) Oscillatory motion
    D) Translational motion